Printing-form and printing-press.



Patented Nov. 2|

No. 637,56l.

l E. HETT. PRINTING FORNI AND PRINTING PRESS.

(Application led Nov. 1, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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AITORNEYS No. 637,'56I. Patented Nov. 2|, |899. E. HETT.

PRINTING FoRIII AND PRINTING PRESS.

(Application led Nov. 1, 1899.)

SYSheeis-Sheet 3` (No Modal.)

www.; 4MM. /AITORNEYS NITED STATES PATENT FFTCE.

EDWARD HETT', on NEW YORK, N. Y.

PRINTING-FORM AND PRINTING-PRESS.

ASllCIFIC-11C11`1ON forming part of Letters Patent No. 637,561, datedNovember 21, 1899.

l Application filed November 1, 1899. Serial No. 735.445. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD HETT, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, (New Dorp, Staten Island,) in the county ofRichmond and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Printing-Forms and Printing-Presses; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

The invention relates to apparatus for printing, and especiallyplanographic and lithographie printing, and to the constructions andcombinations and manipulations of the printing-forms.

It has for its object to improve the character and reduce the cost ofprinting, and especially planographic and lithographie printing, and tomake possible and practicable and economical and successful multicolorplanographic and lithographie printing, especially on the rotary-pressprinciple.

It consists of the combinations hereinafter claimed.

In more detail the invention relates to a printing-form, and preferablyto a planographic-printing form adapted to receive a lithographiedrawing or transfer and to be thereafter` developed into aprinting-surface for that design of the character desired, the printingcomprising a suitable base, the base having a separate removable coatingthereon, preferably thin, adapted to be made into a printing-surface,which coating is substantially integral with the base and yet can beremoved from and then renewed on the base,

a fresh unused printing-surface being nevertheless presented by thisprinting-form for each new picture or design; also making the base ofdierent material from the printingsurface; also making the base curvedinstead of flat; also making it circumferentially continuous and curved;also making it hollow; also making the printing-surface of zinc; also ofelectrodeposited material, preferably of electrodeposited zinc;alsomaking the base of predetermined shape and dimensions, preferablyxed and thereafter permanently maintained, so as t0 permanently adaptthe form tothe cooperating parts of the press;

also making the coating removable without substantially aecting theshape and dimensions of the base; also combining such a printing-form inseries with other similar forms and with an impression mechanism; alsocombining such a printing-form with a form-support, and this combinationalso in series; also applying a coating of predetermined thickness to abase of predetermined size; also combining a series of suchprintingforms with an impression mechanism; also a hollow compositeplanographic-printing form adapted to receive a lithographie drawing ortransfer comprising a hollow strengtheningbase, a separate removablecoating thereon adapted to be made into a printing-surface, whichcoating is substantially integral with the base; also making the base inthat case of dierent material from the printing-surface; also making thebase curved; also making it circumferentially continuons and curved;also making the printing-surface of zinc; also of electrodepositedmaterial; also combining such'a printing-form in series and withinterior form-supports; also making such printing-forms cylindrical;also combining such printing forms with an impressiondrum; also withsuitable inking mechanisms; also with suitable dampening mechanisms.

Theinven tion also consists of other features which are specially set.out in the claims.

The accompanying drawings show apparatus for planographic orlithographie printing embodying the invention in the best form atpresent known to me.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the composite printing-forni beforethe design has been transferred to it, certain parts being broken awayat one end. It shows the printing-form as hollow and cylindrical and asapplied to and in place upon an interior form cylinder 0r support. Fig.2 is a longitudinal sectional View taken through the axis of the deviceshown in Fig. 1 with the shaft of the transfer or printing press inplace in the formsupport. Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of asmall portionof the printing-form in place upon a form-support. Thesection is taken at right angles to the axis of the formsupport.

multi-colorplanographic press in which a se- Fig. It showsdiagrammatically a ries of the printing-forms, each with its carryingform-support, is mounted.

The composite printing-form will be iirst described in the form in whichit is specific ally shown in the drawings.

Referring to Fig. 3, the printing-form as there shown consists of ahollow base l0, preferably of copper, exteriorly cylindrical in shapeand aboutone-quarter of an inch thick, and a separate removable coatingll, adapted to be made into a prin tin g-surface, preferably ofelectrodeposited zinc. The copper base lO is a hollow tube that iscylindrical and of accurate shape and size and finish and polish on theoutside and is slightly tapering on the inside. The outer surface of thecopper shell has in its making been turned and polished with absoluteaccuracy as to shape and size, so as to presenta true cylinder of theproper predetermined printing shape and diameter (when theprinting-surface is upon it) to cooperate with the impression-surface inthe printing operation, for it is through this base that the workingshape and size of the printing-form are secured and permanentlymaintained. The coating or surface may be of any suitable material andmay be applied in any suit-able way. The preferred material is zinc, andit is preferably applied by electrodeposition upon the outer surface ofthe copper base l0 after the latter is completed in such a way as toadhere to the cylindrical copper base and to become substantiallyintegral therewith, by which is meant that the surface and base areunited together sufficiently to make one part move with the other andpractically constitute one piece of metal, and to form thereon a layeror coating, preferably in any given case of predetermined thickness,preserving the shape of the base and constituting thereon aprinting-surface. This zinc layer or surface must be substantial enoughto reliably constitute the desired printing-surface, and in any givencase should be and preferably is of a predetermined thickness, so asfaithfully to produce, when combined with a base of predetermined size,the accurately-shaped printing-surface required and the exact sizerequired, adapting the composite printing-form as awhole to properlycooperate with the other parts of the press in attaining register andprinting accurately. Fig. 3 indicates such a surface layer 1l. I havefound that the thickness of deposit obtained under the conditionsspecifically set out hereinafter is admirably adapted to make theconstruction herein described suitable for planographic printing. Thecopper shell 10 is preferably made to be slightly tapering or conical onthe interior in order that it may absolutely and exactly fit theform-supporting cylinder 12 and may be supported substantiallyat everypoint by that form-support and yet may be readily removed from andreplaced upon said support. The printing-form is preferablyaccuratelyadj usted and reliably held7 both longitudinally and circumferentially,with relation to the other parts of the press.

The means for accurately adjusting both longitudinally andcircumferentially and rcliably holding the printing-form upon theform-support and the latter upon the shaft of the press, as well as themeans for removing the printing-form from the form-support and theform-support from the shaft, are indicated in Figs. l and 2; but theirdetails form no part of the present invention, being claimed in otherpending applications. The printing-form is held in placecircumferentially on the form-support by the spline 22 of the formertaking in a longitudinal groove in the latter, and it is held in placelongitudinally against the adjustable stop 23 by the clamps 24C. Toremove the printing-form from the form-cylinder, release the clamps 24and then turn the threaded bolt 25, on which is a traveling finger 26,which takes against the printing-form, starting it off theform-cylinder. To remove the form-cylinder from the shaft, unkey one orboth hubs 27 from the shaft, unscrew the other hub from theformcylinder, and slip the latter off.

It will be observed that the printing-form (shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3)has a circumferentially-continuous curved surface for printing. It willalso be observed that the printing-form is a hollow composite structurehaving a surface of suitable printing material and a hollow strengthening-base ot' a different material, the two beingl integrally unitedtogether. It will also be observed that this hollow compositeprinting-form is removable from and replaceable on an interiorform-support and that the form-support is removable from and replaceableon the shaft 13 of the press. It will also be noted that in constructingthe composite printing-form the copper shell or strengthening-base isconstructed of a predetermined shape and dimensions that are fixed, soas to permanently adapt the form to the coperating parts of the press,and to that end the inner and outer surfaces of the copper base are withgreat care trued and turned and polished and cleansed with substantialaccuracy to the exact diameter th at will adapt the printing-form as awhole when finished to the press and will reliably and permanentlyattain and maintain the proper support and the proper printing andregister in the printing-press, and especially when a whole series ofsuch printing-forms are mounted successively, as shown in Fig. 4, andprint successively and in approximatelyinstantaneous succession in coloron top of one another, as in a multicolorpress. It will also be notedthat when a series of such printing-forms are combined in a press itwill not be essential that all the forms be of the same predeterminedsize, as one form may be a multiple of another, or, if a series ofdesigns of the same size circumferentially or a series of design groupsof the same size circumferentially are arranged circumferentially on oneform, the circumfer- ICO IIO

ence of another form might equal that fraction of the first formoccupied by one design or a group of designs or a multiple of suchfraction. All that is essential is that each form should be of apredetermined relative size such that the design or designs carried bythe form will print in register with the design or designs carried bytheother forms. It will also be noted that when a base is thus onceaccurately shaped and sized such a thin removable coating or surface maybe applied thereto as not to materially alter the predetermined size andshape'of the base, in which case a printing-form of substantially thesame predetermined size and shape as the base is obtained, which willproperly cooperate with a similar form or forms and print in register ina press.

Preferably, however, a predetermined thickness of removable coating orprinting-surface is applied to the accurately shaped and sized base,thereby obtaining a printing-form of predetermined size and shape, thesize of which, though different from that of the base, is determined bythe size of the base. It will also be noted that while the thickness ispreferably predetermined it need 'not be the same for all the forms tobe used in cooperation in a press as, for instance, where a series ofbases are of different proportions, as above set forth, the thickness ofthe coatings would vary in the same proportions. It will also be notedthat the thickness of coating on one cooperating series ofprinting-forms need not be the same as the thickness of coating onanother series, even though the same bases be used in different seriesor even though the dierent series be used in the same press. When,however, one of a cooperating series of printing-surfaces becomes wornor for any other reason needs to be replaced if the old base or anotherof the same predetermined size is used, the new coating must be of thesame predetermined thickness as the old one. It will also be noted thatwhere a coating of substantial thickness is applied to a base ofpredetermined size and shape its thickness in lineal measure need not beknown, as the thickness may be determined in any suitable way, it onlybeing essential to determine the relative thickness of the coatings tobe applied to a series of bases having predetermined relative sizes,which, with their coatings, are to form a cooperating series ofprinting-forms adapted .to print in register in a press.

Then a zinc coating is' applied by electrodeposition, its thickness maybe and preferably is determined either theoretically or experimentallyin the plating-bath by employing a standard of solution, of current, oftime, and of character of manipulation in the bath, all of which can beworked out or determined experimentally by the practical printer and mayvary greatly. Although the thickness of the coating may vary, as aboveset forth, I have found that a half-hours treatment in the zinc-bathwith a suitable solution and current produces a satisfactory thicknessof zinc surface on the smooth exterior of a copper tube and provides asatisfactory surface for the purposes of planographic printing. Althoughthe thickness of this zinc exterior surface in lineal measure need notbe kn own, for reasons above noted, it has been found when made underthe above conditions to be approXimately two one-thousandths of an inch,moreor less. It is to be noted that a mere change of the color of thecylinder in the bath from copper color to zinc color is ordinarily notenough to produce good results in planographic printing. Such a changeof color occurs at once, and it is quite complete in a minute or twounder the conditions of solution and of current, of which I have found afull half-hours treatment the best, as already stated. For the purposesof relief-printing (Where a planographi-c surface, for example, afterthe design is transferred to it is developed, as by deep etching, into areliefsurface) the zinc surface should be thicker than is necessary forplanographio printing. It is desirable also in case of cylindrical tubesthat the deposit should be uniform in thickness, and to that end I havefound it necessary, in the case of cylindrical printing-tubes, to keepthe same in slow constant rotation underneath the surface of the bathand equally opposite the anodes. noted that the character of the depositis preferably such as will at once adapt the surface to receive alithographic drawing or transfer to be thereafter developed into aprintingsurface for that design of the character desired. In this way afresh and unused separate printing-surface can without difficulty beapplied to the outer polished surface of a given basic copper tube timeafter time with such accuracy as to thickness, duc., that the resultingsuccession of composite printingforms will reliably and accuratelycooperate with the other parts of the same press and register with oneanother in the printing without remeasurements or readjustments orreconstruction. Thus if t-he entire printingsurface is removed from thecopper base after a printing job is finished without removing any of thecopper base (but instead preserving its original integrity of shape)then a fresh printing-surface of predetermined thickness can be renewedon the same base, thereby producing a new printing-form of predeterminedsize, while, as above set forth, the predetermined thickness of thecoating and the predetermined size of the base may be Varied as desired.I find in practice that it is more economical and also that better andmore reliable results are obtained when the size and dimensions of thebase are predetermined and fixed and the renewed coating is of the samepredetermined thickness as the one taken off. When the form is soconstructed, it will be noted that the removal .and renewal of theprinting-surface are accomplished without substantially aecting It isalso to be.

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the shape or dimensions of the printing-form as they existed before suchremoval and renewal. I also find it preferable in practice to make theseries of bases intended to cooperate in a press all of the samepredetermined size and always apply to them and renew on them a coatingof the same predetermined thickness, as bysuch construction a series ofidentical and interchangeable printing-forms are provided, which can beapplied to the same support or to different supports in the same pressor in duplicate presses without discrimination or confusion orliabilities 0f error in the attainment of register. It will also be seenthat when fora given press (multicolor or otherwise) a copper base hasonce been accurately and painstakingly shaped and sized and iinished andadapted with a view t0 its exact adaptation to print and register inthat press after receiving a separate printing-surface of apredetermined thickness then an indefinitely numerous succession ofprinting-forms may readily and economically be made therewith withoutany further adjustments or adaptations being required, and each with afresh and unused printing-surface, and simply by removing from said baseand integrally renewing thereon the separate removable printing-surface,as described, and that lthis can be done while employing such materialsfor the different parts of the composite printing-form and such a shapeof printing form as to combine strength with lightness withoutsacrificing surface printing character, whereby ease of handling olf thepress and absolute integrity of shape on and olf the press are combined,and both with cheapness and convenience in the constructing andpreparation of the printing-forms.

My improvements render multicolor planographic printing practicable,solving many of the most serious problems that have stood in the way ofthe practicable attainment of that end.

Fig. 4 represents a multicolor planographic printing press, showingcombinations in which my improvements are of especial value andadvantages and have peculiar coperations and results. 14 is the frame ofthe machine. 15 is the paper-roll. 1G is theimpression-drum. 11 are theseries of composite printing-forms arranged on the impressionface of thedrum. 12 are the series of formsupports; 13, the series of shaftslcarrying the form-supports; 17, the groups of inking-rollers, one groupfor each printing-form; 18, the groups of dampening-rollers, one groupfor each printing-form; 19, the pressure-bars for moving theprinting-forms into and out of contact with the impression-drum whenoperated to that end by the lever 2O through suitable knuckle -jointlevers 2S. The detail mechanisms of this printing-press form no part ofthe present invention, but are claimed in other pending applications.The shafts 13 are carried in sliding boxes 21, which are secured to thepressure-bars 19. When it is desired to remove the form-supports orprintingforms from the press, the nuts on the outer ends of thepressure-bars 19 are unscrewed and the sliding boxes are slid off theends of the pressure-bars and out of their slideways in the frame of theshaft 13, and the printingform and the form-support can be taken off ofthe shaft or the printing-form alone can be slipped olf. It will beobserved that the printing-forms are arranged in series around theimpression-face of the drum and are carried in proper position byaseries of form-supports arranged around the impression-drum. It willalso be observed that the accurately-maintained diameter of theprinting-forms and their absolute uniformity of surface and their strongand reliable support by the form-supports against bending or yielding atany point enable accurate and registering and rapid printing to be donewith uniformity of pressure and perfection of work and with economy ofmanipulative preparation for the work. Vhen the entire edition isprinted, the printingforms are removed from the press, the old design orthe ink thereof is washed off with turpentine or benzin in the usualway, and the printing-forms are then washed with a suitable dilute acidor other agent, such as will remove the coating which had acted as theprinting-surface and leave the material of the base untouched, andtherefore unaltered in shape or size or character of surface. I havefound that this can be practically and economically accomplished in thecase of a zinc surface upon a copper shell by the use of dilute nitricacid run quickly over the zinc surface with a sponge or brush and washedolf with an abundance of water at once. Every trace of zinc can be thusremoved in a few seconds from a large copper tube, as will be indicatedby the color. I then quickly rub the copper surface with a littlepowdered pumice to clean it, and when it is perfectly bright and cleanit is plunged into the zinc-bath under the same conditions as before toreceive another planographic coating of zinc, which, as alreadydescribed, may be and preferably is of the same predetermined thicknessas before. It is then mounted in the transfer-press and a new design issuitably transferred to it, and it is etched and prepared for printingas before. The desired edition of the new design is printed from it inthe same printing-press as before, and the zinc printing-surface isremoved again by washing with suit-able acid, as before, when a thirdfresh and unused zinc printing-surface is applied electrolytically underthe same conditions as before, and so on. After the design or drawinghas been transferred in the lithographie or in any suitable manner tothe fresh planographic surface of the printing-form that surface may bedeveloped into a printing-surface for that design of any desiredcharacter. For example, it may be developed by the ordinary light TOOIIO

etching employed in lithography into a planographic-printing surface forthatA design, and I prefer to so develop it; but it may also equally bedeveloped by deep etching and by suitable use of a routing-out machineinto a relief-printing surface for the design. In the latter casedampening mechanisms are not required in the printing-press. The etchingor routing should of course not be deep enough to cut into the copperbase. In both cases and equally the parts of the original planographicsurfaces that in the developed printing-surfaces do the kactual printinglie all of them'in the same plane--to wit,the plane of the originalplanographic surface when it received the transfer prior to itsdevelopment into a printing-surface.

I have shown in the drawings and described heretofore in connection withthe drawings the invention in the best form in which it is at presentknown to me. Many changes and modications, however, might be madewithout departing from the invention, as Will be indicated by theomission as well as by the inclusions of the claims hereinafter made. Ihave speciticall y described the best methods and apparatus known to mefor carrying out the invention but for the purposes of many of theclaims hereinafter made I do not wish to be limited to those specificdetails.

Among the advantages of the invention,

especially when embodied in its preferred form, are these: the base ofthe printingform, which gives accuracy and integrity of shape and sizeand gives body and stability and support to the outer or printing partor surface, may be made of material which would not be suitable for aprinting-surface or adapted to receive a drawing or transferin alithographic manner or to be thereafter developed into aprinting-surface of the character desired, but which may nevertheless bebetter, giving permanency and durability, and for shape and size givingand vstrength-giving purposes, and the outer or printing part or surfaceupon it, which must be made of material suitable for and in a conditionsuitable for printing, may be thin, so that while answering fully thepurposes of a planographic surface for receiving a transfer of a-designand being developed into a printing-surface for that design of thecharacter desired and for the printing of the full edition of onedesign, it may then readily and economically be Wholl y effaced orremoved, as b'y acid, from the inner part or body or base, and anentirely new and fresh outer part or surface of the material suitablefor the printing may be applied to or removed from the base as at first,and this effacement and renewal of the outer surface of the compositeprinting-form may be repeated an indefinite number of times and forevery new design, and meanwhile shape and size and register having beenonce attained are reliably and economically maintained. The advantage insuch case of having the inner body-giving part or base of theprinting-form made of different material from the outer part orprinting-surface, is that by a proper selection of eifacing or removingagents, as of acid, the outer surface may be wholly taken off or removed(after each printing job is printed) without taking 'off any of theinner body-giving base, and thus uniform and reliably uniform workingdimensions of the composite printing form or cylinder, when it is readyfor its printing work, can be attained and maintained, a matter ofmoment and importance especially in any effort to apply the rotary-pressprinciple to planographic or relief printing work. Thus solid andsubstantial and iinyielding printingforms reliably maintaining theirabsolute integrityv of predetermined shape and siz'e, especially underthe vicissitudes of removing and renewing printing-surface, the strainsof handling out of the presses, and the pressures of use vin thetransfer and printingpresses, may be attained with great economy ofsurface material and with a clean unused fresh planographic surface foreach new design or job of printing, and these advantages, with otherswith the hollow composite printing form or tube, may be attained withoutsacrificing the solid unitary integral character of the hollow compositeform ortube as a whole.

In that forni of the invention in which the zinc printing-surface isapplied by electrodeposition the zinc, when properly so applied, ispreferably thin, may be made continuous over the entire surface, isadherent to and integral with the copper and coherent throughout its ownmass, is suitably absorbent, even and uniform without corrugations orstreaks or ruts or nodules, is pure and clean, and has a surfacecondition admirably adapted to the requirements of planographictransferring, and this at once and without the necessity of anysand-blasting process or other mechanical or chemical manipulations orpreparations.

In that form of the invention in which the base is of one material, asof copper, and a printing-surface is of another, as of zinc, there isthe especial advantage that the printingsurface may be quickly andreadily removed or etfaced without removing any of the base by theselection of an acid which, under the conditions of its application,will attack the one and not the other. Another advantage is that theworkman can by the difference in color readily know when theprinting-surface is entirely removed. Other advantages have been statedheretofore. In that form of the invention in which the printing-surfacewhen secured is curved and circumferentially continuous specialadvantages reside. Every `part of the surface may be utilized. Theendless rolling contact characterizing the printing gives rapid andperfect results. The

printing-forms may be used interchangeably, which is especiallyimportant in multicolor- IOO IIO

t sensei presswork. A large variety of designs can be printed. Registercan be more easily obtained.

In that form of the invention in which the peculiar printing-form iscombined with an interior form-support certain special and peculiaradvantages are at hand. Solidity and strength and reliability in theworking parts with lightness and eheapness and perfection ofprinting-surface and ease of manipulations of the same are attained, andespecially in the combinations involving a series of formsupports and aseries of printing-forms are the full and final benefits and advantagesfound. The development of my planographic surfaces having a designtransferred to them into planographic-printin g surfaces contribute alsotoward a great advance in the art of planographic or lithographieprintin fr.

By my invention the process of simultaneously printing of many colors byas many different printing-forms in one and the saine press is madepossible and practicable in the printing art, and especially in theplanographic-printing art. The advantages of this printing inapproximately instantaneous succession of many different colors, as,say, fifteen, in the planographie art, and especially in lithography,are such as to make the change revolutionary in the art. The results whichare secured in eliiciency, capacity, and economyare greatlyin advanceofanythingknown in the art. A'single press, such as shown in thedrawings, Fig. 4, will do the work and take the place of fifteen pressesof Ithe kind now in use in printing lithographs in fifteen colors-thatis to say, this one press will print fifteen colors simultaneously,while this work will require fifteen presses of the present style, eachone working separately and printing a separate color. Moreover, so muchtime is saved in the handling of the prints that it is estimated thatsuch a press, as shown in Fig. 4, will print about four thousand sevenhundred complete fifteen-color lithographs in the same time that itwould require one of the present-stylev presses with the ordinary flatstone and the reciprocating bed to print seven hundred copies in asingle color. The capacity of the multicolor-press printing fifteencolors in approximately instantaneous succession will therefore be seento be about one hundred times greater than that of the old presses inprinting a fifteen-color job. In addition to this further economy issecured in the matter of space for the presses, in the matter of laborin handling the presses and the prints between printings, and in thematter of time in turning out the Work.

The present invention attains in the best way known to me thepeculiarity of a curved lithographic-printing form having acircumferentially continuous or unbroken lithographic-printing surface,with the result of making rotary press-printing for multicolorlithographie work possible and practicable.

My improved method or process set forth herein is not claimed inthis'application, but is made the subject of another application filedsimultaneously herewith.

I claim- 1. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base havinga coating thereon, which coating is substantially integral with the baseand is adapted to be made into a printing-surface and is entirelyremovable and renewable upon the base for each new design.

2. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having a thincoating thereon, which coating is substantially integral with the baseand is adapted to be made into a printing-surface and is entirelyremovable and renewable upon the base for each new design.

3. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shapeanddimensions,the base having a separate printing-surface of predeterminedthickness thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the baseand which may be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon,to present a fresh surface ofpredetermined size for eachnewdesign.

4. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base havinga separate planographie surface, ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may he entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach design, the surface being adapted to receive a drawing or transferof a design and to be thereafter developed into a printing-surface forthat design of the character desired.

5. In a press the combination with a suitable impression-surface of aprinting-form comprising a base of predetermined shape and dimensions,Xed so as to adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, thebase having a separate printing-surface of predetermined thicknessthereon, which surface is substantially integral with the base and whichmay be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon, to presenta fresh surface of predetermined size for each new design.

G. In a press the combination with a suitable impression-surface of aprinting-form comprising a base of predetermined shape and dimensions,fixed so as to adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, thebase having a separate planographic surface of predetermined thicknessthereon, which surface is substantially integral with the base and whichmay be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon, to presenta fresh surface of predetermined size for each new design, the surfacebeing adapted to receive a drawing or transfer of a design and to bethereafter developed into a printingsurface for the design of thecharacter desired.

7. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate zine printing-surface IIO ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design.

8.- A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate, zinc planographic surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, the surface being adapted to receive a drawing ortransfer of a design and to be thereafter developed into aprinting-surface for that design of the character desired.

9. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate electrodeposited printing-surfaceof predetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and which may be entirely removed from the baseand be renewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined sizefor each new design.

10. A printing-form comprising,r a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate electrodeposited planographicsurface of predetermined thickness thereon, which surface issubstantially integral with the base and which may be entirely removedfrom the base and be renewed thereon, to present a fresh surface ofpredetermined size lfor each new design, the surface being adapted toreceive a drawing or transfer of a design and to be thereafter developedinto a printing-surface for that design of the character desired.

11. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface of predeterminedthickness thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the baseand which may be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon,to present a fresh surface of predetermined size for each new design,the base being of different material from the printing-surface.

12. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate planographic surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirelyremoved from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, the base being of different material from theprinting-surface.

13. A printing-form comprising a curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate curved printingsurface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be removed from the base and be renewedthereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size for each newdesign.

14. A printing-form comprising a curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate curved planographic surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith `the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, the surface being adapted to receive a drawing ortransfer of a design and to be thereafter developed into aprinting-surface for that design of the character desired.

15. A printing-form comprising a circumferentially-continuous curvedbase of predetermined shapeand dimensions the base having a separatecircumferentially-continuous curved printing-surface of predeterminedthickness thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the baseand which may be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon,to present a fresh surface of predetermined size for each new design.

16. A printing-form comprising a circumferentially-continuous curvedbase of predetermined shape and dimensions, the base having a separatecircumferentially-continuous curved planographic surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, the surface. being adapted to receive a drawing ortransfer of a design and to be thereafter developed into aprinting-surface for that design of the character desired.

17. A printing-form comprising a hollow base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface of predeterminedthickness thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the basei and which may be entirely removed from the base and be renewedthereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size for each newdesign.

1S. in a printing-press the combination with a suitable impressionmechanism of a series of printing-forms adapted to be mounted in thepress in a coperating relationship to the impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms'comprising each a base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design.

19, In a printingpress,the combination with suitable impressionmechanism of a series of planographic-printing forms adapted to bemounted in the press in a coperating rela- IOO IIO

tionship to the impression mechanism and to one another, theprinting-forms comprising each a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface of predeterminedthickness thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the baseand which may be entirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon,to present a fresh surface of predetermined size for each new design.

20. Inaprinting-press the combination with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of printing-forms adapted to be mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to the impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising each a base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, the base having a separate electrodepositedprintingsurface of predetermined thickness thereon, which surface issubstantially integral with the base and which may be entirely removedfrom the base and be renewed thereon, to present a fresh surface ofpredetermined size for each new design.

21. Inaprintingpress the combination with suitable impression mechanismof a series of planographic-printing forms adapt-ed to be mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to t-he impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising each a base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, the base having a separate electrodepositedplanographic-printing surface of predetermined thickness thereon, whichsu rface is substantially integral with the base and which maybeentirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon, to present afresh surface of predetermined size for each new design.

22. In a printing-press the combination with suitable impressionmechanism of a series of curved printing-forms adapted to be mounted inthe press in a cooperating relationship to theimpression mechanism andto one another, the printing-forms comprising each a base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions,lhe base having a separate curvedprinting-surface of predetermined thickness thereon, which surface issubstantially integral with the base and which may be entirely removedfrom the base and be renewed thereon, to present a fresh surface ofpredetermined size for each new design.

23. In a printing-press the combination with suitable impressionmechanism of a series ofv printing-forms adapted to be mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to theimpression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising each abase of predeterminedshape and dimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surfaceis substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, and mechanism for moving the impression mechanism andthe series of printingforms into and out of cooperation.

24. In a printing-press the combination with suitable impressionmechanism of a series of printing-forms adapted to be mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to theimpression mechanism andto oneanother', the printing-forms comprising each a base of pledeterminedshape and dimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which may be entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined size foreach new design, and mechanism for separating the printreplaceablehollow printing-forms adapted to I be mounted in the press in acooperating relationship to the impression mechanism and to one another,the printing-forms comprising each a hollow base of predetermined shapeand dimensions, the base having a separate printing-surface ofpredetermined thickness thereon, which surface is substantially integralwith the base and which maybe entirely removed from the base and berenewed thereon, to present a fresh surface of predetermined sizeforeach new design, and mechanism for moving the impression mechanismand the series of printing-forms into and out of cooperation.

26. In a printing-press the combination with an impression-drum and aseries of form-supports arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of printing-forms removable from andaccurately replaceable on the form-supports, the printing-formscomprising each a base of predetermined shape and dimensions, the basehaving a separate printing-surface of predetermined thickness thereon,which surface is substantially integral with the base and which maybeentirely removed from the base and be renewed thereon, to present afresh surface of predetermined size for each new design.

27. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having adeposited coating thereon, which coating is substantially integral withthe base and Yis adapted to be made into a printing-surface and which isentirely removable and renewable upon the base for each new design.

28. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having adeposited metallic coating thereon, which coating is substantiallyintegral with the base and is adapted IOO IIO

to be made into a printing-surface and which is entirely removable andrenewable upon the base for each new design.

29. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having aplanographic coating thereon, which coating is substantially integralwith the base and is adapted to be made into a printing-surface andwhich is entirely removable and renewable upon the base for each newdesign.

30. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having a thinelectrodeposited coating thereon, which coating is substantiallyintegral with the base and is adapted to be made into a printing-surfaceand which is entirely removable and renewable upon the base for each newdesign.

31. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the base having a thinelectrodeposited planographic coating thereon, which coating issubstantially integral with the base and is adapted to be made into aprinting-surface and which is entirely removable and renewable upon thebase for each new design.

32. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, the basehavin g anelectrodeposited zinc planographic coating thereon, which coating issubstantially integral with the base and is adapted to be made intoaprinting-surface and which is entirely removable and renewable upon thebase for each new design.

33. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, of predetermined shapeand dimensions, the base having a thin coating thereon, which coating issubstantially integral with the base and is adapted to be made into aprintingsurface and which is entirely removable and renewable upon thebase for each new design, the size of the form being determined by thesize of the base.

34. A printing-form comprising a suitable base of predetermined shapeand dimensions, the base having a thin deposited coating thereon, whichcoating is substantially integral with the base and is adapted to bemade into a printing-surface and which is entirely removable andrenewable upon the base, for each new design, the size of the form beingdetermined by the size of the base.

35. A printing-form comprising a suitable base, of predetermined shapeand dimensions, the base having a thin planographic coating thereon,which coating is substantially integral with the base and is adapted tobe made into a printing-surface and which is entirely removable andrenewable upon the base, for each new design, the size of the form beingdetermined by the size of the base.

36. A printing-form-comprising a suitable base, of predetermined shapeand dimensions, the base having a thin elect-rodeposited zincplanographic coating thereon, which coating is substantially integralwith the base and is adapted to be made into a printing-surface andwhich is entirely removable and renewable upon the base, for each newdesign, the

size of the form being determined by the size of the base.

37. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removable planographicsurface thereon, which surface is substantially integral with the baseand is adapted to receive a drawing or transfer of a design to bethereafter developed into a printing-surface for the design of thecharacter desired, and which surface can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions ofthe form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

38. A printing-form comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

39. A planographic-printing form comprising a base of predeterminedshape and dimensions lfixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removablezinc printing-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

40. A planographic-printing form comprising a base of predeterminedshape and dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecoperating parts of the press, the base havinga separate removableelectrodeposited printing surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially a'lfecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

41. A planographic-printing form comprising a base of predeterminedshape and'dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecoperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape and dimensions of theform, the base being of different material from the printingsurface,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

42. A pla-nographic-printing form comprising a base of predeterminedshape and di- ICO IIO

mensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removableelectrodeposited zinc'printing-surface thereon,which printing-snrfaceissubstantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on lthe base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, the base being of different material from theprinting-surface, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

43. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression-surface, ofa printing-form comprising a curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removable curvedprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substan tially affecting the shape and dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

44. In a press, the combination, with asuitable impression-surface, of aplanographicprinting form comprising a curved base of predeterminedshape and dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a Separate removablecurved zinc printingsurfaee thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base withoutsubstantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

45. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression -surface, ofa planographicprinting form comprising a curved base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removablecurved electrodeposited zinc printing-surface thereon,whichprintingsurface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and then renewed on the base without substantially aectingthe shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

4G. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression-surface, ofa printing-form comprising a circumferentially-continuous curved base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt theform to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having a separateremovable curved printing-surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

47. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression-surface, ofa planographicprinting form comprisinga Circum ferentiallycontinuouscurved base of a predetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as topermanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press,thebase having a separate removable circumferentially continuous curvedelectrodeposited printing surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape anddimensions of the f orm, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

48. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression-surface, ofa planographicprinting form comprising a hollow curved base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt theform to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having aseparateremovable curved printingsurface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

49. In a press, the combination, with a suitable impression-surface, ofa'planographicprinting form comprising a hollowcircumferentially-continuous curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adaptr the form to the coperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removablecircumfercntially-continuous curved printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and then 'renewed on the base without substantiallyaffecting the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

50. The Combination of a suitable interior support and a removable andreplaceable hollow printing-form comprising a curved base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt theform to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having a separateremovable planographic sur face thereon, which surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and is adapted to receive a drawing or transferof a design and to be thereafter developed into a printingsurface forthat design of the character desired, and which surface can be removedfrom and then renewed on the base without substantially affecting theshape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposesset forth. Y

51. In a press, the coinbination,\vitl1 a suitable impression-surface,of a suitable formsupport and an exterior removable and replaceablehollow planographic-printing form the printing-form comprising a hollowcurved base of predetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as topermanently adapt the form to the coperating parts of the press, thebase having a separate removable curved printingsurface thereon, whichprintingsurface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and then renewed on the IIO base without substantiallyaffecting the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

52. In a press, the combinationpvith a suitable impression-surface, of asuitable formsupport and a removable and replaceable hollowplanographic-printin g form, the printingform comprising a hollowcircumferentiallycontinuous curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removablecircuinferentially-continuous curved electrodeposited zincprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

53. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of printing-forms mounted, in the press, in acoperating relationship to the impression mechanism and to one another,the printing-forms comprising a base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanentlyadapt the form to the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

54. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of planographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to the impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising a base of predetermined shapeand dimensions, xed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecoperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

55. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of planographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to the impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising a base of predetermined shapeand dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecoperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removableelectrodeposited printing-surface thereon which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

56. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of planographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a cooperating relationship to the impression mechanism and toone another, the printing-forms comprising a base of predetermined shapeand dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecoperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, the base being of different material from the printing-surface,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

57. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of printing-forms mounted in the press in apositive relationship to one another, the printing-forms comprising acurved base of predetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as topermanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press, thebase having a separate removable curved printingsurface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and then renewed on the base Without substantiallyaffecting the shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

58. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a se- Y ries of printing-forms mounted in the press in apositive relationship to one another, the printing forms comprising acircumferentially-continuous curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the coperatin gparts of the press, the base having a separate removable curved printingsurface thereon, which printing-surface is substantially integral withthe base and can be removed from and then renewed on the base withoutsubstantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the form,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

59. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of planographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a positive relationship to the impression mechanism and to oneanother, the printing-forms comprising a ci rcumferentially-continuouscurved base of predetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as topermanently adapt the formto the cooperating parts of the press,the basehavin g'a separate removable circumferentially-continnous curvedprinting-surface thereon, Which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of theform, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

60. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a se- IOO IIO

ries of planographic-printing forms mounted in the press in a positiverelationship to one another, the printing-forms comprising acircuinferentially-continuous cylindrical base of predetermined shapeand dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a Separate removablecircuinferentiallycontinuous cylindrical electrodeposited zincprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and then renewed on thebase without substantially affecting the shape or dimension of the form,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6l. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, of a series of planographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a positive relationship to one another, the printingformscomprising a curved base of predetermined shape and dimensions, fixed soas to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press,the base having a separate removable printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and then renewed on the base without substantiallyaffectingthe shape or dimensions of the form, and mechanism for moving theimpression mechanism and the series of printing-forms into and out ofcontact, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

62. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, and a series of suitable form-supports carrying theprinting-forms, of a series' of removable and replaceable hollowprinting-forms mounted in the press in a positive relationship to oneanother, the printing-forms comprising a hollow base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewedon the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions ofthe form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

63. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism, and a series of suitable form-supports carryingr theprinting-forms, of a series of removable and replaceable hollowplanographic printing forms mounted in the press in a positiverelationship to one another, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcurved base of predetermined shape and dimensions, fixed so as topermanently adapt the form to the coperating parts of the press, thebase having a'separate removable plan ographic coating or printingsurface thereon, which printing-surface is substantially integral withthe base and can be removed from and renewed on the base withoutsubstantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the form,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

64. In a printing-press, the combination, with a suitable impressionmechanism, a series of suitable form-supports carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of removable and replaceable hollowprinting-forms mounted in the press in a positive relationship to oneanother, the printing-forms comprising a holloweircuinterentially-continuous curved base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to permanently adapt the form4 to the c0-operating parts ofthe press, the base having a separate removableprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewed on the basewithout substantially affecting the shape or dimensions of the form,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

65. In a printing-press, the combination, with a suitable impressionmechanism, anda series of suitable form-supports carrying theprinting-form, of a series of exterior removable and replaceable hollowplanographicprinting forms mounted in the press in a positiverelationship to one another, the printingform comprising a hollowcircumferentiallycontinuous cylindrical base of predetermined shape anddimensions, fixed so as to perinanentlyadapt the formto the cooperatingparts of the press, the base having a separate removablecireumferentially-continuous cylindrical printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and renewed on the base without substantially affecting theshape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

6G. In a printing-press, the combination, with suitable impressionmechanism and a series of suitable form-supports carrying theprinting-forms, of a series ot' exterior removablev and replaceablehollow printing-forms mounted in the press in a positive relationship toone another, the printing-forms comprising a hollow curved base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt theform to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having a separateremovable printing-surface thereon, which printingsurface, issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and renewedon the base without substantially affecting the shape or dimensions ofthe form, and mechanism for removing the impression mechanism and theseries of printing-forms into and out of contact, substantially as andfor the purposes set forth.

G7. In a printing-press, the combination, with an im pression-drum andaseries of formsupports arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of printing-forms removable from andaccurately replaceable 0n IOO IIO

the form-su pports, the printing-forms cornprising a curved base ot'predetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt theform to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having a separateremovable printing-surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and renewedon the base Without substantially aiiectin g the shape or dimensions ofthe form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

68. In a printing-press, the combination, with an impression-drum and aseries of formsupports arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of planographicprinting forms removable fromand accurately replaceable on the form-supports, the printingformscomprising a curved base of predetermined shape and dimensions, fixed soas to permanently adapt the form to the coperating parts of the press,the base having a separate removable printing surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved'from and renewed on the base Without substantially affecting theshape or dimensions ofthe form, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

G9. In a printing-press, the combination, with an impression-drinn and aseries of formsupports arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of planographic-printing forms removablefrom and accurately replaceable on the form-supports, the printingformscomprising a circumferentially-continuous curved base of predeterminedshape and dimensions, ixed so as to permanently adapt the form to thecooperating parts of the press, the base having a separate removablecircumferentially-continnous curved printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and canberemoved from and renewed on the base without substantially affectingthe shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

70. In a printing-press, the combination with animpression-drum andaseries of formcylinders arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of hollow composite cylindricalprinting-forms removable from the form-cylinders and accuratelyreplaceable' thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollow cylindricalstrengthening-base of predetermined shape and dimensions, iXed so as topermanently adapt the forms to the coperatin g parts of the press, andan exterior separate removable printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the hase and can beremoved from and renewed on the base without substantially affecting thedimensions of the printing-form, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

7l. In a printing-press, the combination with an impression-drum and aseries of formcylinders arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of hollow composite cylindricalplanographic-printing forms removable from the form-cylinders andaccurately replaceable thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcylindrical strengthening-base of predetermined shape and dimensions,iXed so as to permanently adapt the forms to the coperating parts of thepress and an exterior separate removable zinc printing-surface thereon,which printing-surface is substantially integral with the base and canbe removed from and renewed on the base without substantially affectingthe dimensions of the printing-form, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

72. In a printing-press, the combination, with an im pression-drum and aseries of formcylinders arranged on the im pression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, ofa series of hollow composite cylindricalplanographic-printing forms removable frein the form-cylinders and accu-.rately replaceable thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcylindrical strengthening-base of predetermined shape and dimensions,fixed so as to permanently adapt the forms to the cooperating parts ofthe press, and an exterior separate removable electrodepositedprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewed on the baseWithout substantially affecting the dimensions of the printing-form,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

73. In a printing-press, the combination with an impression-drum and aseries of formcylinders arranged on the impression-face of the drum andremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of hollow composite cylindricalplanographic-printing forms removable from the form-cylinders andaccurately replaceable thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcylindrical strengthening-base of predetermined shape and dimensions,iixed so as to permanently adapt the forms to the cooperating parts ofthe press, and an exterior separate removable electrodeposited zincprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewed'on the basewithout substantially affecting the dimensions of theprintingform,'subsiantially as and for the purposes set forth.

74. In a printing-press, the combination with an impression-drum and aseries of formcylinders arranged on the im pression-face of IOO the drumremovable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carrying theprinting-forms, of a series of hollow composite cylindricalplanographic-printing forms removable from the form-cylinders andaccurately replaceable thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcylindrical strengtheningbase of predetermined shape and dimensions,fixed so as to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts ofthe press, and an exterior separate removable electrodeposited zincprinting-surface thereon, which printing-surface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewed on the basewithout substantially aecting the dimensions of the printing-form, thebase being of different material from the printingsurface, substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

75. In a lithographic-printing press, the combination, with suitableimpression mechanism and a series of suitable inking and dampeningmechanism, of a series of lithographic-printing forms mounted in thepress in a positive relationship to the impression surface or surfacesand to one another, the printing-forms comprising a curved base ofpredetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as to permanently adapt theforms to the cooperating parts of the press, the base having a separateremovable curved printi 11g-surface thereon, which printing-surface issubstantially integral with the base and can be removed from and thenrenewed on the base without substantially affecting the shape ordimensions of the form, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

76. In a lithographic-printing press, the combination, with suitableimpression mechanism and a series of suitable inking and dampeningmechanism, and a series of suitable form supports carryingr theprintingforms, of a series of removable and replaceable hollowlithographie printing forms mounted in the press in a positiverelationship to one another, the printing-forms comprisin g a hollowcurved base of predetermined shape and dimensions fixed so as topermanently adapt the forms to the cooperating parts of the press, thebase having a separate removable curved printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base and can beremoved from and renewed on the base without substantially aifect-ingthe shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

77. In a lithographie-printing press, the combination, with suitableimpression mechanisms and a series of suitable inking and dampeningmechanisms, and a series of suitable form supports carrying theprintingforms, of a series of exterior removable and replaceable hollowcomposite lithographieprinting forms, the printing-forms comprising ahollow strengthening-base of predetermined shape and dimensions xed soas to permanently adapt the forms to the coperating parts of the pressand having a separate removable printing-surface thereon, whichprinting-surface is substantially integral with the base,substantiallyas and for the purposes set forth.

78. In a lithographie-printing press, the combination,with animpression-drum and a series ofsuitableinkingand dampeningmechanisms anda series of form-supports arranged on the impression-face of the drumand removable from and accurately replaceable in the press and carryingthe printing-forms, of a series of lithographie-printing forms removablefrom and accurately replaceable on the form-supports,the printing-formscomprising a curved base of predetermined shape and dimensions fixed soas to permanently adapt the form to the cooperating parts of the press,the base havinga separate removable curved printing-surface thereon,which printing-surface is substantially integral with the base and canbe removed from and renewed on the base without substantially aifectingthe shape or dimensions of the form, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

79. In a lithographie-printing press, the combination, with animpression-drum and a series of suitable inking and dampening mechanismsand a series of form -cylinders arranged on the impression-face of thedrum and removable from and accurately replaceable in the press andcarrying the printingforms, of a series of hollow composite cylindricallithographie-printing forms removable from the form-cylinders andaccurately replaceable thereon, the printing-forms comprising a hollowcylindrical strengtheningbase of predetermined shape and dimensions,fixed so as to permanently adapt the forms to the cooperating parts ofthe press, and an exterior separate removable electrodeposited zincprinting-surface tl1ereon,which printingsurface is substantiallyintegral with the base and can be removed from and renewed on the basewithout substantially aliecting the dimensions of the printing-form,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

EDWARD HETT.

Witnesses:

FRANK D. BLAoKrs'roNn, NICHOLAS M. GooDLErr, Jr.

IOC

IIO

